The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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319 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15333
Evolution of Union Wages and Determinants
Tony Fang, John Hartley
published in: Klaus F. Zimmermann (ed.), Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics, Springer, 2022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15293
Monopsony Makes Firms Not Only Small but Also Unproductive: Why East Germany Has Not Converged
Rüdiger Bachmann, Christian Bayer, Heiko Stüber, Felix Wellschmied
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15210
Are the East African Community's Countries Ready for a Common Currency?
Thomas Kigabo-Rusuhuzwa, Almas Heshmati
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15112
Uncovered Workers in Plants Covered by Collective Bargaining: Who Are They and How Do They Fare?
Boris Hirsch, Philipp Lentge, Claus Schnabel
published in: British Journal of Industrial Relations, 2022, 60 (4), 929-945
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15080
Robots and Unions: The Moderating Effect of Organised Labour on Technological Unemployment
Henri Haapanala, Ive Marx, Zachary Parolin
published in: Economic and Industrial Democracy, 2023, 44 (3), 827-852
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15079
Differential Patterns between Private and Public Sector Wages in Spain
Alba Couceiro de León, Juan J. Dolado
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15008
Worker Representation
Alex Bryson, John Forth
published in: T. Eriksson (ed.), Elgar Encyclopedia of Labour Studies , Edward Elgar, 2023, 237–241
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14849
Labor Unions and the Electoral Consequences of Trade Liberalization
Pedro Molina Ogeda, Emanuel Ornelas, Rodrigo R. Soares
published in: Journal of the European Economic Association, 2025, 23 (1), 236-280
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14834
Institutional Integration and Productivity Growth: Evidence from the 1995 Enlargement of the European Union
Nauro F. Campos, Fabrizio Coricelli, Emanuele Franceschi
published in: European Economic Review, 2022, 142, 104014
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14783
Membership in Employers' Associations and Collective Bargaining Coverage in Germany
Uwe Jirjahn
revised version published in: Economic and Industrial Democracy, 2023, 44 (3), 798-826
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14712
Double-Edged Sword: Persistent Effects of Communism on Life Satisfaction
Vladimir Otrachshenko, Milena Nikolova, Olga Popova
revised version published in: Journal of Population Economics, 2023, 36(3), 1139–1185
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14538
Migration and Labor Market Integration in Europe
David Dorn, Josef Zweimüller
published in: Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2021, 35(2), 49-76
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14465
What Does Codetermination Do?
Simon Jäger, Shakked Noy, Benjamin Schoefer
published in: ILR Review, 2022, 75 (4), 857-890.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14398
Five Decades of Union Wages, Nonunion Wages, and Union Wage Gaps at Unionstats.com
David A. Macpherson, Barry Hirsch
published as 'Five decades of CPS wages, methods, and union-nonunion wage gaps at Unionstats.com' in: Industrial Relations, 2023, 62 (4), 439-452
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14283
Wage Flexibility under Sectoral Bargaining
David Card, Ana Rute Cardoso
published in: Journal of the European Economic Association, 2022, 20 (5), 2062 - 2097
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14208
Collective Bargaining Rights, Policing, and Civilian Deaths
Jamein Cunningham, Donn. L. Feir, Rob Gillezeau
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14164
Immigration and Voting Patterns in the European Union: Evidence from Five Case Studies and Cross-Country Analysis
Ethan Grumstrup, Todd A. Sorensen, Jan Misiuna, Marta Pachocka
published in: Migration Letters, 2021, 18 (5), 573–589.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14102
Are Unions Detrimental to Innovation? Theory and Evidence
Fabio Berton, Stefano Dughera, Andrea Ricci
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13799
Robots and Worker Voice: An Empirical Exploration
Filippo Belloc, Gabriel Burdin, Fabio Landini
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13747
Do Public Subsidies of Union Membership Increase Union Membership Rates?
Erling Barth, Alex Bryson, Harald Dale-Olsen
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2025, 229, 106855
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